Abstract
Construction firms in Kenya continue to experience performance challenges arising from inefficient resource utilization, weak organizational systems, and strategic implementation gaps, which undermine profitability, revenue growth, and stakeholder satisfaction despite the sector's significant contribution to the economy. This study examined the influence of strategic implementation drivers on the performance of construction firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya, with specific focus on resource allocation and organizational culture. The study was anchored on the Resource-Based View Theory and Contingency Theory. A descriptive research design was adopted. The study targeted 136 respondents, comprising project managers, project engineers from 66 registered construction firms, and four managers from the National Construction Authority. Given the relatively small population, a census approach was employed. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire that was piloted to establish validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS. Of the 136 questionnaires administered, 129 were returned fully completed, representing a response rate of 94.85%, which was considered adequate for statistical analysis and generalization of the findings. The findings revealed that resource allocation and organizational culture had a positive and statistically significant influence on the performance of construction firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study concluded that effective allocation of financial, technological, and human resources, together with a supportive organizational culture characterized by strong leadership, collaboration, innovation, and ethical practices, are critical strategic implementation drivers for enhancing construction firm performance. The study recommends that construction firms prioritize strategic investment in critical organizational resources while strengthening organizational cultures that promote employee commitment, teamwork, innovation, and accountability. These measures are expected to improve project delivery, operational efficiency, profitability, revenue growth, and overall organizational performance within Kenya's construction industry.
Keywords: Resource allocation, organizational culture, strategic implementation, firm performance, construction firms, Nairobi City County, Kenya.